Pterodactyl's shared global rate-limit key on login and 2FA checkpoint enables unauthenticated panel-wide authentication lockout (DoS)

Exploitation

No confirmed exploitation recorded. Patch Next marks exploitation only from CISA KEV.

CVSS

7.5 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

EPSS

• CVE-2026-61609: 0.50% estimated exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 42.71 (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-03). This is a model estimate, not proof of exploitation or customer exposure.

As published by the source; long descriptions are shortened.

Summary The authentication rate limiter used for the login and two-factor checkpoint endpoints applies a single global bucket shared by every client, instead of keying per IP or per account. An unauthenticated attacker sending ~10 requests per minute from one IP exhausts the shared bucket and causes HTTP 429 for every user on every IP attempting to log in or complete 2FA, for as long as the attack is sustained. This is a trivially triggered, unauthenticated, panel-wide authentication denial of service. Details In app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider::configureRateLimiting() the limiter is defined as: The forgot-password branch is correctly scoped with -by($request-ip()). The fall-through return, which covers POST /auth/login and POST /auth/login/checkpoint (see routes/auth.php, the throttle:authentication group), omits -by() entirely. For a named limiter, Laravel 11 derives the cache key as md5($limiterName . $limit-key)…

Published by the source

28 Jul 2026, 14:57 UTC

Last modified by the source

28 Jul 2026, 15:26 UTC

Source last checked

26 Oct 2026, 14:50 UTC

1. Revision 2 · amended · 26 Oct 2026

   Amended from ghsa record GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47

2. Revision 1 · created · 24 Oct 2026

   Published from osv record GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47

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# Patch Next advisory brief: CVE-2026-61609

Advisory: Pterodactyl's shared global rate-limit key on login and 2FA checkpoint enables unauthenticated panel-wide authentication lockout (DoS)
IDs: CVE-2026-61609, GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47
Record: https://patchnext.com/advisories/cve-2026-61609 (revision 2, source checked 26 Oct 2026, 14:50 UTC)
Inventory: none attached. This brief comes from a public page and does not say whether any deployment is affected.
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Exploitation: no confirmed exploitation recorded. Patch Next confirms exploitation only from CISA KEV.
Vendor response: Vendor fix available; fixed versions by package: pterodactyl/panel 1.13.0. A vendor fix does not mean a deployment is fixed.

## Affected components
- Packagist pterodactyl/panel: affected >= 1.7.0, <= 1.12.4; fixed in 1.13.0

## Suggested inspection (read-only)
- Packagist pterodactyl/panel: check the installed version with your package manager.

## Supported action
Upgrade each affected component to a fixed version on its release line. For a transitive dependency, upgrade the parent package or add an override or constraint, then regenerate the lockfile. Redeploy every environment that ran an affected version.

## Required regression checks
- Run the test suite and a production build.
- Exercise the features that depend on pterodactyl/panel.
- Repeat the inspection and confirm that only fixed versions remain installed.

## Rollback considerations
- Keep the previous lockfile and deployment artifact. Rolling back reinstates the vulnerable version, so apply any documented mitigation while you fix forward.

## Unresolved questions
- Which deployments run an affected version?
- Exploitation status can change. Check again before lowering the priority.
- Mark the work resolved only after the fixed version is verified in production.

## Sources
- Verified: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47 (OSV record GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47 lists affected ranges: Packagist pterodactyl/panel >=1.7.0 <1.13.0 (fixed))
- Verified: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47 (GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-xvc3-826v-xf47 lists affected ranges: Packagist pterodactyl/panel >=1.7.0 <=1.12.4)

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